Background and objectives: The feasibility and additional value of combining bioimpedance analysis (BIA) with near-subject absolute measurement of total body water using deuterium dilution (TBW D) in determining longitudinal fluid status was investigated. Design, setting, participants, & measurements: Fifty-nine hemodialysis patients (17 female; age 58.4±16.1 yr; body mass index 27.0±5.4) were enrolled into a 12-mo, two-center, prospective cohort study. Deuterium concentration was measured in breath by flowing-afterglow mass spectrometry …

Background Fluid overload is frequently present in CAPD patients and one of important predictors of mortality. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors in a cohort study of Southern Chinese CAPD patients. Methods The patients (receiving CAPD 3 months and more) in our center were investigated from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2009. Multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to assess the patient's body composition and fluid status. Results A total of 307 CAPD patients …

The objective of this study is to evaluate the predictive values of baseline thyroid-stimulating hormone and the rate of thyroid-stimulating hormone change within the euthyroid state on the development of chronic kidney disease. We conducted a longitudinal study in 17,067 Korean adults with normal thyroid function and no history of thyroid disease. Incident chronic kidney disease was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate< 60 ml/min/1.73 m 2. The rate of thyroid-stimulating hormone change was determined by subtracting the baseline …

Background Prospective investigation of obesity and renal function decline in Asia is sparse. We examined the associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with renal function decline in a prospective study of Korean population. Methods A total of 454 participants who had baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels of more than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in Hallym Aging Study (HAS) were included and followed for 6 years. Renal function decline was defined as follows:(1) an eGFR decline≥ 3 mL/min/1.73 m2/year …

Results We measured ALMI in 434 PD patients, 55.1% males, mean age 55.3±16.2 years, 32.3% diabetic, 54.1% white, 23.7% Asian, 19.1% black. ALMI was lower in Asian women, compared to white and black women (6.4±1.1 vs. 6.6±1.0 and 6.9±1.4 kg/m 2), and lower in Asian men (7.5±1.3 vs. 8.5±1.2 and 8.7±1.3 kg/m 2), p< 0.001. Depending on the ALM/ALMI cut point; the prevalence of sarcopenia was greater in Asian patients (25.6–41.2% using North American or European cut points) compared to white (12.3–18.7%) and black patients …

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by adverse changes in body composition, which are associated with poor clinical outcome and physical functioning. Whilst size is the key for muscle functioning, changes in muscle quality specifically increase in intramuscular fat infiltration (myosteatosis) and fibrosis (myofibrosis) may be important. We investigated the role of muscle quality and size on physical performance in non-dialysis CKD patients. Methods Ultrasound (US) images of the rectus femoris (RF) were obtained …

Arterial stiffness is an independent cardiovascular risk factor, along with aging, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The augmentation index (AIx) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) are early markers of atherosclerotic vascular changes. Arteriography was used to determine systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure (PP), AIx, and PWV in 82 male and 64 female renal transplant recipients (mean [SD] age, 45.3 [11.2] years). Cardiovascular risk was assessed using echocardiography and ultrasonography of the …

Renal replacement therapy is designed to treat uremic symptoms and correct hypervolemia. We hypothesized that starting peritoneal dialysis (PD) should reduce overhydration, and we measured body composition and hydration status using bio-impedance in PD patients prior to training and then at the first assessment of peritoneal membrane function. We studied 100 consecutive patients with a planned start to PD, without peritoneal infections or mechanical catheter problems, mean age 54.7±17.1 years, 57% male and 25% diabetic. Extracellular …

Background. The hyperhomocysteinemia was with high prevalence and has been considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients. These patients also experienced a high risk of muscle wasting caused by the comorbidity, malnutrition, and low physical activity. We investigated the associations of homocysteinemia with muscle mass, muscle function in elderly hemodialysis patients. Methods. A clinical cross-sectional study was conducted on 138 hemodialysis patients aged 65 years and …

Background: Authors and colleagues have continued clinical research for hemodialysis patients. Currently, a pilot study presents intervention of carnitine for changes of the body composition. Subjects and Methods: Subjects were six patients on hemodialysis with intervention of carnitine (group 1). Average data were 74.3 years, 65.4 kg, 22.6 in BMI. As levocarnitine, L-Cartin FF injection 1000 mg was administered three times a week for six months. Group 2 has six control patients for age-, sex-, body weight, BMI-matched (group 2) …