Objective Peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis is a common complication in PD patients. The remission of peritonitis is easily achieved, but its presence is associated with local/systemic inflammation in PD patients, which would lead to decreases in muscle mass. Here, we hypothesized that the history of PD peritonitis is associated with low muscle mass (LMM) in PD patients. Methods We identified incident PD patients for whom body composition measurements at baseline and 1 year after PD initiation were available. Finally, we …

Objective Tolvaptan, an oral selective V2-receptor antagonist, is a water diuretic that ameliorates fluid retention with a lower risk of a worsening renal function than conventional loop diuretics. Although loop diuretics predominantly decrease extracellular water (ECW) compared with intracellular water (ICW), the effect of tolvaptan on fluid distribution remains unclear. We therefore examined how tolvaptan changes ICW and ECW in accordance with the renal function. Methods Six advanced chronic kidney disease patients (stage 4 or 5) with …

Objective (s) To explore the validity of using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived 50 kHz phase angle (PhA) in predicting protein–energy wasting (PEW) in Chinese maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Design and Methods The design was a cross-sectional study. A total of 173 of MHD patients and 173 healthy adults were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of PEW in patients was performed by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism criteria. The PhA, body cell mass, fat mass, body fat …

Background Obesity, a known risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), is generally assessed using body mass index (BMI). However, BMI may not effectively reflect body composition, and the impact of muscle‐to‐fat (MF) mass balance on kidney function has not been elucidated. This study evaluated the association between body muscle and fat mass balance, represented as the MF ratio, and incident CKD development. Methods Data were retrieved from a prospective community‐based cohort study (Korean Genome and …

[Purpose] The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a virtual reality exercise program (VREP) on physical fitness, body composition, and fatigue in hemodialysis (HD) patients with end-stage renal failure.[Subjects and Methods] A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Forty-six HD patients were divided into exercise (n= 23) and control groups (n= 23); while waiting for their dialyses, the exercise group followed a VREP, and the control group received only their usual care. The VREP was accomplished …

Background and aim Uric acid (UA) is an end-product of purine catabolism and its increase in blood is a risk factor for several diseases. UA levels in men are usually higher than in women. This difference is partially due to sex hormones. We sought to investigate the onset of sexual difference in UA levels during pubertal development and the determinants of UA levels in children and adolescents. Methods and results The muscle mass and fat mass were measured by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance in a cross-sectional study …

Objective Phase angle (PA) determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis has been suggested to be a predictor of death in a variety of disease conditions, but its associations with outcomes have not yet been assessed in a large continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patient cohort. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of PA with risks for all-cause and cardiovascular death in patients treated with CAPD. Methods Incident CAPD patients were enrolled from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015 …

The objective of this study is to evaluate the predictive values of baseline thyroid-stimulating hormone and the rate of thyroid-stimulating hormone change within the euthyroid state on the development of chronic kidney disease. We conducted a longitudinal study in 17,067 Korean adults with normal thyroid function and no history of thyroid disease. Incident chronic kidney disease was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate< 60 ml/min/1.73 m 2. The rate of thyroid-stimulating hormone change was determined by subtracting the baseline …

Hyper-and hypophosphatemia are recognized risk factors for all-cause mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Recent changes have now focused PD solute clearance targets on urea clearance, rather than on larger solutes, including phosphate. We therefore studied peritoneal phosphate clearance in a cohort of PD patients to determine which factors were clinically relevant. We reviewed results from 451 adult PD patients who were attending for their first assessment of peritoneal membrane function [31.2% treated by continuous …

Results: The number of patients in the Non-LAM and LAM groups was 328 and 303, respectively. The median follow-up durations in the Non-LAM and LAM groups were 47 and 49 months, respectively. The numbers of deaths in the Non-LAM and LAM groups were 96 (29.3%) and 160 (52.8%), respectively. In a comparison with the Non-LAM group, the hazard ratio in the LAM group was 1.74 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.35–2.24) in univariate and 1.71 (95% CI, 1.28–2.26) in multivariate Cox regression analysis. In addition, the hazard …