Lowering insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia may not only enhance glycaemic control but also preserve the β-cell function, reducing the overall risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). The current study was aimed to evaluate the effects of curcumin and/or long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFA) supplementation on glycaemic control and blood lipid levels in individuals at high risk of developing T2D. This was a 2× 2 factorial, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Participants were allocated to either …

Orexin‑A and ghrelin are two important polypeptides that stimulate food intake, however, there is a lack of sufficient information concerning their plasma levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between plasma orexin‑A and ghrelin levels with food consumption and body composition in patients with stable phase COPD. In total, 40 patients (age, 44‑80 years; male, 31; female 9) who were in the stable phase of COPD were included in the study. Blood …

Summary Background & aims Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) classifies malnutrition severity via a simple bedside assessment. Phase angle (PhA) is an indicator of cell integrity and has been suggested to be indicator of nutritional status. Objective To explore the relationship between PhA and SGA. Methods Relevant studies published through October 31, 2017 were identified using 7 electronic databases. Articles were included for review if they included comparison data between SGA and PhA within adult disease populations …

This study aimed to investigate the effect of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) supplementation on motor unit adaptation following resistance training in older adults. Twenty‐five older males and females took MFGM (n= 12) or a placebo (PLA; n= 12) while performing 8 weeks of isometric knee extension training. During the training, the motor unit firing pattern during submaximal contractions, muscle thickness, and maximal muscle strength of knee extensor muscles were measured every 2 weeks. None of the …

A single nutrient or dietary pattern has been associated with physical performance. However, little is still known about the association of overall dietary quality with physical performance. This study aimed to investigate the link between the recommended food score (RFS), defined as an indicator of overall diet quality, and physical performance among the Korean elderly aged over 65 years. The study subjects consisted of 622 participants (294 men and 328 women) aged over 65 years from the 2014–2015 National Fitness Award …

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate a novel prebiotic, Flexible Abrosia (FA), assisted total fasting regimen for more than 7 days' continual dietary deprivation (7D-CDD). Our analysis included basic physical examinations, bioelectrical impedance analysis, clinical lab and ELISA analysis in normal volunteers. Methods: Seven healthy subjects with normal bodyweight participated in 7D-CDD under the assistant of specially designed probiotic. Individuals were assigned to take FA (113.4 KJ/10g) at each mealtime to avoid …

Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre el ángulo de fase (AF) y la circunferencia media del brazo (CMB) con la presencia de desgaste proteico energético (DPE) en pacientes en terapia de remplazo renal (TRR). Métodos: estudio transversal. Fueron incluidos pacientes en hemodiafiltración y en diálisis peritoneal automatizada. Se tomaron mediciones de CMB y de composición corporal utilizando bioimpedancia eléctrica (AF, masa libre de grasa, masa grasa y agua extracelular/agua corporal total). Se obtuvieron mediciones de albúmina …

Context: Common concerns when using low-calorie diets as a treatment for obesity are the reduction in fat-free mass, mostly muscular mass, that occurs together with the fat mass (FM) loss, and determining the best methodologies to evaluate body composition changes. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the very-low-calorie ketogenic (VLCK) diet-induced changes in body composition of obese patients and to compare 3 different methodologies used to evaluate those changes. Design: Twenty obese patients followed a VLCK diet for 4 …

Objective Sarcopenia, an age-related decline of muscle mass, strength, and physical function, was associated with falls, frailty, and poor quality of life. The aim of the current study is to examine the effect of nutritional supplement containing whey protein, vitamin D and E on measures of sarcopenia. Methods A total of 60 sarcopenic older adult subjects participated in the current randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled (iso-caloric control product) trial for 6 months. Muscle mass [Relative skeletal mass index (RSMI) measured by …

RESULTS Women in the high risk group (> 3 mg/L) consumed fewer fruits and vegetables, total plant food, potassium, and folate than those in the low risk group (< 1 mg/L). A multiple regression analysis after adjusting for covariates revealed a significant negative association between hsCRP and fruit and vegetable consumption. A logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio (OR) of having a high hsCRP level in women with the highest quartiles of consumption of fruits and vegetables [OR, 0.391; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.190-0.807] …