We investigated how skeletal muscle mass (SMM) affects spinal sagittal balance (radiographic parameters) in symptomatic spinal patients. The first purpose of this study was to evaluate the body composition and the spinal sagittal alignment in symptomatic spinal patients. The second purpose of this study was to compare whether the body composition and the spinal sagittal alignment is different in patients with cervical spine disease and lumbar spine disease. We retrospectively evaluated 313 patients who were hospitalized for …

Objectives: Improvement of nutritional status, which may help prevent osteoporosis, can be assessed using the body cell mass (BCM) index, measured by the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). However, the relationship between BCM and osteoporosis is not clear. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between osteoporosis and four components of body composition, including BCM. Methods: The study included 600 participants who underwent measurements of bone status by quantitative ultrasound and …

Background: This study investigated the relationships of bone mineral density (BMD) with body composition, basal metabolic rate (BMR), and fat distribution. Methods: We measured body mass index (BMI), anthropometrics, and BMD in 345 postmenopausal women and 224 elderly men. Total body fat (TBF), fat distribution, and BMR were assessed using a body composition analyzer. Lumbar spine and proximal femur BMDs were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: Lumbar spine BMD was more strongly correlated with …

Locomotive syndrome (LS) is associated with weakness and loss of function in the musculoskeletal organs. We aimed to determine the association between LS components and blood parameters in middle-aged and elderly individuals. We included 223 middle-aged and elderly individuals in this study (104 men and 119 women; age: 40–85 years). All participants were asked to fast for at least 3 h before the venous blood samples were obtained and the hemoglobin, total protein, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), growth hormone …

Background and objectives: Studies on the effects of an equine riding simulator (ERS) program on back pain, spinal alignment, and isokinetic moments in subjects with chronic low back pain (CLBP) remain limited. The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in elderly women with CLBP who participate in an ERS program. Materials and Methods: The 80 participants were all women aged 61–84 years who were randomly assigned to either the control group (CON) or ERS group (ERSG). ERS exercise was performed for a duration …

Body weight, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, and diet have been proven to affect bone mineral density (BMD) directly or indirectly. Of these, body weight is perhaps best known to affect BMD. However, there is some debate as to whether lean body mass (LBM) or fat mass (FM), the two components of body weight, most determines BMD. Recently, newer peripheral densitometry devices have been developed, which have the advantages of low cost and portability, and this has made field epidemiologic study of osteoporosis possible …

Objectives Foot impairment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may exacerbate sarcopenia from physical inactivity because of foot pain while walking. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with RA-associated foot impairment, and whether treatment with a foot orthosis improved physical activity and muscle quantity. Methods Thirty-two patients with RA were diagnosed as sarcopenic or nonsarcopenic, and the prevalence of sarcopenia was determined. Eleven patients with sarcopenia were treated with a foot …

Purpose Older adults with hyperkyphosis might have a high risk of falls since their whole body center of mass may shift to the boundary of the base of support. Body composition changes, such as low bone mineral content (BMC), decreased muscle mass, high body mass index (BMI), and increased fat mass are common in older adults with hyperkyphosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between body composition and balance performance using a biomechanical analysis in older adults with hyperkyphosis. Methods …

Purpose Pelvic incidence (PI) is unique to each individual and does not change throughout life. High PI is related to lumbar spondylolisthesis, but associations of PI with lumbar osteophyte formation and disc degeneration are unclear. The objective was to evaluate relationships of PI with lumbar osteophyte formation and disc degeneration, as well as spinal sagittal alignment and geriatric diseases, in middle-aged and elderly people. Methods A total of 1002 volunteers (male: 434, female: 568, average age: 63.5) were …

Background: The prevalence of scoliosis in Korean elementary school students is increasing, leading to various physical and psychological problems. This study aimed to investigate the association between low body weight and scoliosis among Korean elementary school students. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis. Participants were 1062 elementary school students in the metropolitan areas of Korea. Participants were evaluated for scoliosis based on body composition, including weight and height, and with …