Quantitative sterol profiling in obese children and their clinical implications have not been fully investigated. The aim of study was to evaluate the metabolic changes in serum cholesterol and its precursors and metabolites, and their associations with clinical characteristics of childhood obesity. A total of 253 children aged 6–14 years (72 obese, 39 overweight, and 72 normal controls; 147 girls and 106 boys) were recruited. Anthropometric indices, body composition, and fasting total lipid profiles were determined. Serum …

Objective: To assess whether the indicators of weight status body mass index and waist-to-height ratio are similar to body fat percentage to identify obese children and adolescents with unfavorable lipid profile. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 840 children and adolescents (6–18 years). The same individuals were classified as non-obese (< P95) or obese (≥ P95) according to body fat percentage and indicators of weight status, body mass index, and waist-to-height ratio. Body fat percentage was obtained by multi …

There is no general consensus regarding which accelerometer cut-off point (CoP) is most acceptable to estimate the time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in children and choice of an appropriate CoP primarily remains a subjective decision. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the influence of CoP selection on the mean MVPA and to define the optimal thresholds of MVPA derived from different accelerometer CoPs to avoid overweight/obesity and adiposity in children aged 7 to 12 years. Three hundred six …

Objectives To evaluate how the reallocation of time between sleep, sedentary time, light, and moderate-vigorous activities is associated with children's body composition. Study design Population-based cross-sectional Child Health CheckPoint within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (n= 938 11-12 year-olds, 50% boys). Twenty-four hour activity composition via accelerometry (minutes/day of sleep, sedentary time, light, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) and 3-part body composition (percentage truncal fat …

Background Metformin is increasingly used to treat gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes in pregnancy, and in attempts to improve pregnancy outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity. It passes across the placenta with possible long-term consequences for the offspring. We previously explored the effect of metformin, given to women with polycystic ovary syndrome during pregnancy, on children's growth up to 4 years of age. In this 5–10 year follow-up, we examined the cardiometabolic risk factors in these children. Methods This …

This study aimed to validate body composition analysis using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) against dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) in children with obesity and to compare agreement between BIA and DXA according to their degree of obesity. Three hundred and sixteen children aged 6‐17 years participated in the Intervention for Childhood and Adolescents Obesity via Activity and Nutrition study. We divided participants by body mass index (BMI) percentile (group 1: mild to moderate obesity; group 2: severe obesity) and …

Hyperinsulinaemia is the earliest subclinical metabolic abnormality, which precedes insulin resistance in obese children. An investigation was conducted on the potential predictors of fasting insulin and insulin resistance among overweight/obese adolescents in a developing Asian country. A total of 173 overweight/obese (BMI> 85 th percentile) multi-ethnic Malaysian adolescents aged 13 were recruited from 23 randomly selected schools in this cross-sectional study. Waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BF%), physical …

Objective To investigate nutritional status and growth status of pediatric patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and to examine the relationship between nutritional status and linear growth in these children. Study design In total, 102 pediatric patients diagnosed with functional constipation (FC), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or functional abdominal pain (FAP) in years 2013-2015 were subjected to anthropometric measurements. Anthropometry comprised body height, leg and trunk lengths, body weight …

Little is known about the combined effect of physical activity (PA), recreational screen time (ST), and sleep in preventing childhood obesity. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the associations between meeting the PA, ST, and sleep recommendations within the 24-hour movement guidelines and adiposity indicators among children and adolescents. A total of 679 children and adolescents aged 8–18 years were included. The time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA and the sleep duration were estimated from raw data from a wrist-worn …

Context Premature adrenarche (PA) has been associated with overweight and insulin resistance, but the associations of serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) concentration with other cardiometabolic risk factors are uncertain. Objective To examine the associations of serum DHEAS concentration with several cardiometabolic risk factors in children. Design Cross-sectional data from the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children Study. Participants Population sample of 207 girls and 225 boys aged 7.6±0.4 years. Main …